How the Trial of a Former Soldier Regarding the 1972 Londonderry Incident Concluded in Acquittal

Youths in a confrontation with military personnel on Bloody Sunday
Protesters in a tense situation with army troops on Bloody Sunday

January 30th, 1972 stands as among the most fatal – and consequential – days in thirty years of unrest in Northern Ireland.

Within the community where events unfolded – the memories of the tragic events are painted on the walls and embedded in people's minds.

A civil rights march was organized on a wintry, sunny afternoon in the city.

The march was a protest against the policy of internment – imprisoning people without legal proceedings – which had been established following multiple years of violence.

A Catholic priest used a blood-stained handkerchief while attempting to shield a group carrying a teenager, Jackie Duddy
A Catholic priest displayed a white cloth stained with blood as he tried to shield a group carrying a teenager, Jackie Duddy

Military personnel from the Parachute Regiment killed 13 people in the district – which was, and remains, a predominantly Irish nationalist community.

One image became particularly iconic.

Photographs showed a clergyman, the priest, displaying a bloodied fabric while attempting to protect a assembly transporting a youth, the fatally wounded individual, who had been killed.

News camera operators recorded extensive video on the day.

The archive contains the priest telling a media representative that soldiers "gave the impression they would shoot indiscriminately" and he was "totally convinced" that there was no justification for the shooting.

Civilians in the Bogside area being taken to custody by British troops on Bloody Sunday
Civilians in the district being taken to custody by British troops on Bloody Sunday

The narrative of what happened was rejected by the original examination.

The Widgery Tribunal determined the military had been attacked first.

Throughout the negotiation period, Tony Blair's government set up another inquiry, after campaigning by family members, who said the initial inquiry had been a cover-up.

That year, the report by Lord Saville said that on balance, the paratroopers had fired first and that none of the individuals had presented danger.

At that time head of state, the Prime Minister, expressed regret in the Parliament – saying deaths were "improper and unjustifiable."

Families of the deceased of the Bloody Sunday killings walk from the district of Londonderry to the municipal center carrying pictures of their loved ones
Relatives of the deceased of the tragic event killings walk from the district of Derry to the Guildhall holding images of their loved ones

The police started to examine the incident.

A military veteran, referred to as Soldier F, was prosecuted for murder.

Indictments were filed regarding the fatalities of James Wray, twenty-two, and twenty-six-year-old the second individual.

The defendant was additionally charged of attempting to murder several people, Joseph Friel, Joe Mahon, another person, and an unnamed civilian.

Exists a court ruling maintaining the soldier's privacy, which his lawyers have maintained is required because he is at threat.

He stated to the investigation that he had only fired at people who were possessing firearms.

This assertion was disputed in the concluding document.

Information from the inquiry could not be used directly as evidence in the court case.

In court, the veteran was hidden from public with a protective barrier.

He spoke for the first time in the hearing at a hearing in that month, to answer "not guilty" when the accusations were put to him.

Relatives and supporters of the victims on that day display a sign and photographs of the victims
Family members and advocates of the deceased on that day display a placard and images of those killed

Family members of those who were killed on that day made the trip from Derry to Belfast Crown Court each day of the trial.

One relative, whose relative was fatally wounded, said they understood that listening to the trial would be emotional.

"I visualize all details in my mind's eye," he said, as we visited the key areas discussed in the trial – from the street, where the victim was shot dead, to the nearby Glenfada Park, where James Wray and William McKinney were killed.

"It reminds me to my location that day.

"I participated in moving Michael and place him in the ambulance.

"I experienced again each detail during the testimony.

"Notwithstanding enduring the process – it's still valuable for me."

One victim (left) and William McKinney (right) were part of who were fatally wounded on the incident
Darren Maddox
Darren Maddox

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